What is Mitosis?
The process of cell diversion in which a single parental cell is divided into two daughter cells with a complete number of chromosomes is called mitosis. There are many living organisms in which the process of mitosis takes place. The process of cell division is necessary to undergo cell division for their survival. The need of every species to maintain their offspring behind them.
The cells of the body of all eukaryotes are capable to pass from mitosis to increase the number of cells. The development of an organism is due to cell division by mitosis. The process of healing, organogenesis, and growth takes place due to the process of mitosis. There are two main phases of mitosis such as karyokinesis and cytokinesis. The contents we will discuss in this article are given below.
Contents of Article:
- What is Mitosis?
- Phases Mitosis
- What is Karyokinesis?
- What is Prophase?
- What is Metaphase?
- What is Anaphase?
- What is Telophase?
- Importance of Mitosis
There is a need for every species to stay stable. Therefore the cells of all organisms are passed through the type of cell division such as mitosis, and meiosis. The cell of an animal can be divided by the process of mitosis in which a single cell of an animal can be divided into two daughter cells. The number of chromosomes in the newly formed cells are as equal to that in the parental cell. There are two phases of mitosis.
Karyokinesis is the process in which the cell of an animal can divide its nucleus into two new nuclei. While in cytokinesis the cell is divided into two new cells. The process of karyokinesis is somewhat lengthy and can be further divided into four phases such as prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Prophase of Mitosis
There are following changes take place during the prophase as given below
- The chromosomes start to condense
- the size of the chromosomes becomes small
- the nuclear envelop break
- nucleolus disappears
- nucleoplasm and cytoplast are mixed
- Chromatin form is converted into chromatid
- There is no crossing over in mitosis during prophase
- Now the cell is ready to enter the next phase of cell division
Metaphase of Mitosis
There are following changes take place during the metaphase as given below
- An equatorial plate is developed
- chromosomes are arranged on an equatorial plate
- two spindle fibers are attached on each side with chromosomes at the kinetochore
- The sister chromatid is attached to each other
- Chromosomes are ready to separate from each other
- There will be an equal division of the chromosomes which is started after the completion of the prophase
- Now the cell is ready to enter the next phase of cell division
Anaphase of Mitosis
There are following changes take place during the anaphase as given below
- The kinetochore fibers start to contract
- They become shorter
- They start to attract the chromatids toward their respective pole
- Sister chromatids start to separate from each other
- The centromere is also divided into two centromere
- The separation of the sister chromatid is completed here
- Now the cell is ready to enter the next phase of cell division
Telophase of Mitosis
There are following changes take place during the telophase as given below
- The separation of the chromosomes is completed
- The nuclear envelope is developed
- Nucleolus is reformed
- Nucleoplasm and cytoplasm become separated
- Division of the nucleus is completed
- The equal number of chromosomes are re-enveloped by a newly formed nuclear wall
- Now the cell is ready to enter the next phase of cell division
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