Levels of Biological Organization
There are different levels of biological organization. We are going to discuss the Levels of Biological Organization by using a diagram. Before going into detail about the Levels of Biological Organization of all organisms we must know something about bio elements. There are many elements in nature. There are some elements that are present in living organisms.
Q: 1: Answer: What are Bio-elements?
Bio-elements can be defined as “The elements which are present in living entities to form their body are called as Bio-Elements.
Example: Carbon and Hydrogen etc.
Important Points:
- Naturally occurring elements= 92
- Naturally occurring Bio-elements= 16 (Some Other)
- Naturally occurring Major Bio-elements= 06
Q: 2: Answer:
Here is the complete list of major bio elements with their percentage.
- O= 65 %
- C = 18 %
- H = 10 %
- N = 3 %
- Ca= 2 %
- P = 1 %
Q: 3: Answer:
Naturally occurring Minor Bio-elements= 10
Here is the complete list of major bio elements with their percentage.
- K = 0.35%
- S = 0.25%
- Cl = 0.15%
- Na = 0.15%
- Mg = 0.05%
- Fe = 0.004%
- Cu = Trace %
- Mn = Trace %
- Zn = Trace %
- I = Trace %
There are some other bio-elements such as Cr, Co, F, Mo, Se, Si, and Sn.
Q: 4: Answer:
Properties/ Function of Bio-elements
- Their properties are different from those which are present in non-living entities
- They specific in nature
- These exist in living organisms
- These elements synthesized the body of living entities
- These are transferable to the next generation (DNA)
- Their absence affects the living entities
| Characteristics | Bio-molecules | Functions | Examples | |
| Organic | They are unique to living things. Its main element is a carbon (C). |
Carbohydrates | They provide instant energy for organisms. | Glucose, lactose, sucrose. |
| Lipids | They store energy for future needs. | Fats, waxes, cholesterol. | ||
| Proteins | They form structures such as hair, skin, and muscles. | Hemoglobin, collagen, keratin. | ||
| Nucleic acids | They contain an individual’s genetic information. This information is responsible for the functioning of every cell. | DNA, RNA | ||
| Inorganic | Also found in non-living things. Its main element is not carbon (C). |
Water | It is involved in many different functions such as thermal regulation and the transport of substances. | |
| Mineral salts | They participate in the formation of the rigid structures (bones) that organisms have, and in important cellular processes. | Calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate |
Levels of Biological Organization
Atomic& Subatomic Levels
Q: 5: Answer:
Atom
Atom is the smallest particle that can exist independently and can take part in a chemical reaction.
Example:
Carbon and Hydrogen
Q: 6: Answer:
Sub Atomic Particle
These are the smallest particles that either has a particular charge or not and can combine to form an atom called subatomic particles.
Example:
- Electrons have a negative charge
- Protons have a positive charge
- Neutrons have no charge
Q: 7: Answer:
Molecular Level
The combination of atoms of the same or different elements with a particular bond gives a stable form called a molecule.
Example:
- Water
- Lipids
- Protein
- Carbohydrates
Q: 8: Answer:
Types of molecules on the basis of molecular weight
- Macromolecules
- Micromolecules
Macromolecules
Macromolecules with high molecular weights e.g. starch, Proteins, etc.
Micromolecules
The micro molecules are with low molecular weights e.g. ATP, water, etc.
Q: 9: Answer:
The biological world has two types of molecules
Organic
Inorganic
An organic molecule is any molecule containing both carbon and hydrogen.
Example: Lipids, Protein, Carbohydrates
Inorganic molecules do not include carbon and
Hydrogen together in a molecule
Example: Water, Salt, Carbon dioxide
Organelles & Cell
Q: 11: Answer:
Organelles
The different and enormous numbers of micro molecules and macromolecules arrange themselves in a particular way to form cells and their organelles.
“OR”
The sub-cellular structure mostly present within the cell to perform a specific function to maintain a cell is called an organelle.
Characters:
- The arrangement of the organelles speaks of the division of labor within the cell.
- The prokaryotes have only a limited number and type of organelles in their cytoplasm.
- The Eukaryotes are rich in number and kinds of membranous organelles.
- A cell membrane is however present in all cells whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic.
Q: 12: Answer:
Cell
The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life.
RBC, WBC, Neurons
- Organelles Prokaryotic (Bacteria and Cyanobacteria)
- Eukaryotic (Protists, Fungi, Plants, Animals)
Short Question
- What are bio-elements? Answer: Slide No. 5
- What are major bio-elements? Give their %. Answer: Slide No. 6
- What are minor bio-elements? Give their %. Answer: Slide No. 7
- Give the importance to Bioelements. Answer: Slide No. 9
- Enlist Level of Biological Organization. Answer: Slide No. 4
- What is the atomic and subatomic level? Answer: Slide No. 10 & 11
- What is the molecular level? Answer: Slide No. 12
- What are macromolecules and micromolecules? Answer: Slide No. 13
- Difference between organic and inorganic molecules? Answer: Slide No. 14
- Define Organelle and give its example. Answer: Slide No. 15
- Define Cell and give its example. Answer: Slide No. 17
Long Question
- What are Bioelements? Answer: Slide No. 5 to 9 (Book & Website)
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